Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Article Title: Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1111/cns.14139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of NC subjects and AD subjects

Article Snippet: Synthetic human Aβ 1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich .

Techniques:

Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Article Title: Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1111/cns.14139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Wnt2b was decreased in plasma of AD patients and in brain of AD mice. (A) Plasma Wnt2b levels in AD patients were lower than that in NC groups. (B) Plasma Wnt2b protein was positively correlated with cognitive function ( r 2 = 0.258, p = 0.021). (C) Representative western blots and quantification of fold changes in Wnt2b, β‐Actin expression in the hippocampus of 6‐month‐old mice. (D) Representative western blots and quantification of fold changes in Wnt2b, β‐Actin expression in the hippocampus of 9‐month‐old mice. Data values are expressed as mean ± SD or mean ± SEM. The difference between groups was performed using χ 2 test. The multiple logistic regression was performed to detect the influence of Wnt2b on AD after adjusting for age, gender, APOE ε4, and education with SPSS software. The association between qualitative variables was evaluated by Spearman correlation. The difference between WT and AD mice was performed using independent samples t ‐test. * p < 0.05 in comparison to WT mice, ** p < 0.01 in comparison to WT mice. AD, Alzheimer's Disease; NC, normal cognitive; WT, wild‐type

Article Snippet: Synthetic human Aβ 1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich .

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Western Blot, Expressing, Software, Comparison

Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Article Title: Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1111/cns.14139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Wnt2b was related to downregulation of canonical Wnt signaling in the presence of Aβ oligomers (AβOs) (A) Representative immunofluorescent image of Wnt2b, DAPI in HT22 cells. (B) Quantification of fold changes in fluorescence intensity of Wnt2b in HT22 cells relative to vehicle after AβOs treatment. (C and D) Representative western blots and quantification of fold changes in Wnt2b expression in HT22 cells relative to vehicle after AβOs treatment. (E) Quantification of fold changes in WNT2B expression in HT22 cells relative to vehicle after AβOs treatment. (F) Representative western blots of p‐β‐catenin, β‐catenin, p‐GSK3β, total p‐GSK3β, BDNF, β‐Actin expression in HT22 cells. (G) Quantification of fold changes in p‐β‐catenin/β‐catenin, p‐GSK3β/GSK3β, BDNF in HT22 cells relative to vehicle after AβOs treatment. Data values are expressed as mean ± SEM. The difference between groups was performed using independent samples t ‐test. * p < 0.05 in comparison to vehicle, ** p < 0.01 in comparison to vehicle

Article Snippet: Synthetic human Aβ 1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich .

Techniques: Fluorescence, Western Blot, Expressing, Comparison

Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Article Title: Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1111/cns.14139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overexpression of WNT2B could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage induced by Aβ oligomers (AβOs). (A and B) Representative western blots and quantification of fold changes in Wnt2b, p‐β‐catenin, β‐catenin, p‐GSK3β, total p‐GSK3β, BDNF, β‐Actin expression in HT22 cells relative to pcDNA3.1 + vehicle group after AβOs treatment. (C and G) Overexpression of WNT2B ameliorated AβOs‐induced disruption of (C) mitochondrial structure and (D) mitochondrial membrane potential, (E) increase of intracellular ROS level, (F) decrease of ATP content and (G) increase of mitochondrial stress gene expression CLPX , OMA1 in HT22 cells. (H and I) Representative flow cytometry and quantification of fold changes in intracellular calcium after AβOs treatment in HT22 cells. (J and K) Representative flow cytometry and quantification of fold changes in neuronal apoptosis after AβOs treatment in HT22 cells. Data values are expressed as mean ± SEM. One‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test as appropriate. * p < 0.05 in comparison to pcDNA3.1 + vehicle, ** p < 0.01 in comparison to pcDNA3.1 + vehicle, # p < 0.05 in comparison to pcDNA3.1 + AβOs, ## p < 0.01 in comparison to pcDNA3.1 + AβOs

Article Snippet: Synthetic human Aβ 1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich .

Techniques: Over Expression, Western Blot, Expressing, Disruption, Membrane, Gene Expression, Flow Cytometry, Comparison

Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics

Article Title: Upregulation of Wnt2b exerts neuroprotective effect by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

doi: 10.1111/cns.14139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) could prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage induced by Aβ oligomers (AβOs). (A and B) Representative western blots and quantification of fold changes in p‐β‐catenin, β‐catenin, p‐GSK3β, total p‐GSK3β, BDNF, β‐actin expression in HT22 cells relative to vehicle after AβOs or rWnt2b treatment. (C–G) rWnt2b alleviated AβOs‐induced disruption of (C) mitochondrial structure and (D) mitochondrial membrane potential, (E) increase of intracellular ROS level, (F) decrease of ATP content and (G) increase of mitochondrial stress gene expression CLPX , OMA1 in HT22 cells. (H and I) Representative flow cytometry and quantification of fold changes in intracellular Ca 2+ after AβOs treatment in HT22 cells. (J and K) Representative flow cytometry and quantification of fold changes in neuronal apoptosis after AβOs treatment in HT22 cells. Data values are expressed as mean ± SEM. One‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test as appropriate. * p < 0.05 in comparison to vehicle, ** p < 0.01 in comparison to vehicle, # p < 0.05 in comparison to AβOs, ##p < 0.01 in comparison to AβOs

Article Snippet: Synthetic human Aβ 1‐42 peptide was purchased from GL Biochem , Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Gibco , mouse recombinant Wnt2b (rWnt2b) was purchased from Cusabio, 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (HFIP) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich .

Techniques: Recombinant, Western Blot, Expressing, Disruption, Membrane, Gene Expression, Flow Cytometry, Comparison